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تطور الفكر السياسي في العصور القديمة والوسطى

تطور الفكر السياسي في العصور القديمة والوسطى

  • سنة النشر: 01 Jan 1970.
  • عدد مرات التحميل: 502882 مرّة / مرات.
  • تم نشره في: الإثنين , 14 ديسمبر 2015م.

وصف الكتاب:

يعرض هذا الكتاب باختصار لتطور الفكر السياسي منذ العصور القديمة حتى العصور الوسطى. في تسعة فصول تحترم التسلسل الزمني: فكرة الدولة في مصر الفرعونية: مبررات سلطة الفرعون المطلقة: تشريعات حمورابي: الفكر السياسي في بابل: الفكر السياسي الهندي والصيني: الخ... ثم ينتقل إلى مبادئ المدينة -الدولة اليونانية، فيسلط الأضواء على الابتكارات اليونانية السياسية التي تركت دروساً ثمينة في الديمقراطية والقانون والحرية والعدالة. ما هي فلسفة أفلاطون وكيف تحولت عنده المدينة من مدينة مثالية (ولو أرستقراطية) إلى مدينة قانون وعقاب.. كيف صنف أرسطو الدساتير وما هو تحليله لمئة وثمانية وخمسين دستوراً، وتفسيره المطول لمختلف أنواع الديمقراطية والأوليغارشية. بعد أرسطو، بدأ الطموح إلى مدينة عالمية. فدعا الرواقيون الإنسان لأن يكون مواطناً عالمياً، وأبيقور؟ ما هي حقيقة هذا اللغط حول مسألة اللذة في فكره؟ هذه اللذة ليست لذة المجون. بل هي لذة ساكنة، مستقرة، سعيدة، حيث يبحث الإنسان بدقة عن "دوافع ما يجب اختياره، وما يجب تجنبه، ويرفض الآراء العقيمة التي تكتسح النفوس". المسيحية والإسلام، ما هو الفكر السياسي المسيحي؟ يتوقف بداية عند المبدأ الأول الذي يكمن في جواب المسيح إلى التلامذة الفرنسيين الذين أتوا يسألونه إذا كان جائزاً دفع الجزية إلى قيصر أم لا: "ردوا ما لقيصر لقيصر وما لله لله". هكذا حلت الثنائية المسيحية محل الآحادية الوثنية، لن يكون كل شيء للحكام. وأخيراً يعرض تصوراً للفكر السياسي الإسلامي في عمل توليفي مرتكز على قراءته فيتوقف عند النظرة التي ترى أن "القرآن الكريم قد اشتمل على مبادئ عامة تركت للعلم الفقهي جهد التفسير ولأولياء الأمر مهمة التنظيم بما يتناسب والصالح العام". كيف انقسم المسلمون بعد وفاة الرسول، وما هي المبادئ الأساسية في الإسلام: القانون، الديمقراطية، الشورى، الحريات، وضعية أهل الذمة، وضعية المرأة، معاملة الرق، المساواة، مفهوم الجماعة، مفهوم الخلافة ومسألة وجوبها، ثم يختم بعرض موجز للفكر السياسي عند مفكرين إسلاميين كبيرين هما الفارابي وابن خلدون. إن فصول هذا الكتاب تشكل المنهاج المقرر لمادة "تاريخ الفكر السياسي في العصور القديمة والوسطى" للسنة الأولى "علوم سياسية"، في الجامعة اللبنانية وهي ثمرة المحاضرات التي ألقيت في كلية الحقوق والعلوم السياسية والإدارية، الفرع الرابع (الجامعة اللبنانية) في العام الدراسي 1992-1993، في السنة الأولى "علوم سياسية" حيث كلف المؤلف الدكتور جورج سعد تدريس هذه المادة.

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قائمة الكتب

جميع الحقوق محفوظة © 2020

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        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select `categories`.*, `book_category`.`book_id` as `pivot_book_id`, `book_category`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `categories` inner join `book_category` on `categories`.`id` = `book_category`.`category_id` where `book_category`.`book_id` = 1826
        380μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
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        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:24
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        260μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
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        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select * from `authors` where `authors`.`id` = 417 limit 1
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      • select `categories`.*, `book_category`.`book_id` as `pivot_book_id`, `book_category`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `categories` inner join `book_category` on `categories`.`id` = `book_category`.`category_id` where `book_category`.`book_id` = 2059
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        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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      • select * from `products` where `products`.`book_id` = 2059 and `products`.`book_id` is not null
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      • select * from `authors` where `authors`.`id` = 418 limit 1
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      • select * from `products` where `products`.`book_id` = 2060 and `products`.`book_id` is not null
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      • select `categories`.*, `book_category`.`book_id` as `pivot_book_id`, `book_category`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `categories` inner join `book_category` on `categories`.`id` = `book_category`.`category_id` where `book_category`.`book_id` = 2063
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      • select * from `products` where `products`.`book_id` = 2063 and `products`.`book_id` is not null
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      • select `categories`.*, `book_category`.`book_id` as `pivot_book_id`, `book_category`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `categories` inner join `book_category` on `categories`.`id` = `book_category`.`category_id` where `book_category`.`book_id` = 2076
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      • select * from `products` where `products`.`book_id` = 2224 and `products`.`book_id` is not null
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      • select * from `products` where `products`.`book_id` = 2229 and `products`.`book_id` is not null
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        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select distinct * from `categories`
        310μs/app/Http/View/Composers/LayoutComposer.php:18bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Composers/LayoutComposer.php:18
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:843
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:681
        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Application.php:785
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:629
      • select * from `cms_contents` where (`locale` = 'ar' and `page` = 'general') limit 1
        260μs/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Traits/ForwardsCalls.php:23bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. ar
        • 1. general
        Backtrace
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Traits/ForwardsCalls.php:23
        • 19. /app/Content/Models/PagesRepository.php:48
        • 20. /app/Content/ContentProvider.php:45
        • 21. view::guest.layout.footer:1
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
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      App\Models\Product
      11
      App\Models\Category
      144
      App\Models\Publisher
      11
      App\Models\Author
      11
      App\Models\Book
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