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رسالة في البصريات

رسالة في البصريات

  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: إسحق نيوتن
  • الناشر: معهد الإنماء العربي
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
  • سنة النشر: 01 Jan 1970.
  • عدد مرات التحميل: 502882 مرّة / مرات.
  • تم نشره في: الإثنين , 14 ديسمبر 2015م.

وصف الكتاب:

إسحق نيوتن عالم فيزيائي بريطاني مشهور، وصاحب نظرية الجاذبية التي أثبتها بعد بحوث ودراسات شاقة دامت عشرين سنة. اتبع نيوتن في كتابه هذا "رسالة في البصريات" وفي سائر كتبه العلمية المختلفة المنهجية العلمية لأول مرة في تاريخ العلوم. توصل نيوتن بعد وضع هذه الرسالة إلى ترسيخ محطات علمية كونت أسساً مهمة في تطوير العلوم الرياضية والفيزيائية، سواء أكان ذلك في البصريات، أم في أية مجالات علمية أخرى. الحقائق العلمية لم تصل إلينا إلا بعد جهد وعناء كبيرين يرينا هذا الكتاب جزءاً يسيراً منهما. فكيف يواجه نيوتن وعلماء اليوم المعضلات العلمية؟

site.similarbooks

شاهد المزيد
عالم الفيزياء
عالم الفيزياء
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: علي خلف
  • الناشر: دار العلوم العربية للطباعة والنشر
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 14.68 AED
تأملات في الفيزياء الحديثة
تأملات في الفيزياء الحديثة
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: علي الشوك
  • الناشر: دار الفارابي للنشر والتوزيع
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 45.00 AED
مصادر الطاقة المستقبلية : الهيدروجين وخلايا الوقود والتوقعات لكوكب أنظف
مصادر الطاقة المستقبلية : الهيدروجين وخلايا الوقود والتوقعات لكوكب أنظف
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: بيتر هوفمن
  • الناشر: دار الفارابي للنشر والتوزيع
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء, العلوم الطبيعية والرياضيات
النسخة الورقية 59.00 AED
مقدمة في فيزياء البلازما
مقدمة في فيزياء البلازما
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: وليد صهيوني
  • الناشر: دار الفكر المعاصر
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 30.00 AED
أسس الفيزياء النووية
أسس الفيزياء النووية
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: محمد حبيب بركات
  • الناشر: دار الفكر للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 37.00 AED
الكهربائية والمغناطيسية
الكهربائية والمغناطيسية
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: محمد حبيب بركات
  • الناشر: دار الفكر ناشرون وموزعون
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 59.00 AED
الحاسب الكمي ثورة القرن 21
الحاسب الكمي ثورة القرن 21
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: محمد حبيب بركات
  • الناشر: دار الفكر ناشرون وموزعون
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 19.00 AED
الفيزياء العامة - ملون
الفيزياء العامة - ملون
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: أحمد يوسف قواسمة
  • الناشر: دار الفكر ناشرون وموزعون
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 56.00 AED
أسس الفيزياء الإلكترونية
أسس الفيزياء الإلكترونية
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: محمد حبيب بركات
  • الناشر: دار الفكر ناشرون وموزعون
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 37.00 AED
مقدمة في الميكانيك وخواص المادة
مقدمة في الميكانيك وخواص المادة
  • تدمك:
  • المؤلف: محمد حبيب بركات
  • الناشر: دار الفكر ناشرون وموزعون
  • كل الاقسام: الفيزياء
النسخة الورقية 65.00 AED
القائمة البريدية

اشترك الان في النشرة الاٍخبارية و ترقب استقبال افضل عروضنا علي بريدك الاٍلكتروني

روابط سريعه
قائمة الكتب

جميع الحقوق محفوظة © 2020

MessagesTimelineExceptionsViews24RouteQueries49Models184MailsGateSessionRequest
7.4.33PHP Version268msRequest Duration6MBMemory UsageGET b-{book}Route
    • Booting (90.76ms)
    • Application (176ms)
    • 1 x Application (65.67%)
      175.96ms
      1 x Booting (33.87%)
      90.76ms
      24 templates were rendered
      • guest.books.details (resources/views/guest/books/details.blade.php)3blade
        Params
        0
        book
        1
        canDdownload
        2
        similarBooks
      • guest.books.form (resources/views/guest/books/form.blade.php)14blade
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        0
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        8
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        9
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        10
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        11
        __currentLoopData
        12
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        13
        loop
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        0
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        9
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        10
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        11
        __currentLoopData
        12
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        13
        loop
        14
        title
        15
        books
        16
        href
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        0
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      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
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        0
        key
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      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
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      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
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      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
        key
        1
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      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
        key
        1
        book
      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
        key
        1
        book
      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
        key
        1
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      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
        key
        1
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      • guest.home.book (resources/views/guest/home/book.blade.php)2blade
        Params
        0
        key
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      • guest.layout (resources/views/guest/layout.blade.php)15blade
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        11
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      • guest.layout.header (resources/views/guest/layout/header.blade.php)16blade
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      • guest.layout.header.menu.desktop (resources/views/guest/layout/header/menu/desktop.blade.php)16blade
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      • guest.layout.header.menu.mobile (resources/views/guest/layout/header/menu/mobile.blade.php)16blade
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      uri
      GET b-{book}
      middleware
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      uses
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      controller
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      namespace
      App\Http\Controllers\Guest
      prefix
      where
      as
      books.details
      49 statements were executed, 12 of which were duplicated, 37 unique20.15ms
      bookmart_bookmart
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        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ImplicitRouteBinding.php:38
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Router.php:788
        • 18. middleware::bindings:39
        • 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:171
        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:77
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        • 13. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Traits/ForwardsCalls.php:23
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        • 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:45
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        • 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:176
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        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:24
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        300μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        280μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:2
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        280μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
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        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:18
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        330μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:24
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        360μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:28
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        340μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:2
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        280μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        • 0. 3045
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        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:18
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select `categories`.*, `book_category`.`book_id` as `pivot_book_id`, `book_category`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `categories` inner join `book_category` on `categories`.`id` = `book_category`.`category_id` where `book_category`.`book_id` = 6820
        360μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6820
        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:24
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        380μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:28
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        260μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:2
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        240μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        • 0. 3256
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        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:18
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        280μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:24
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select * from `products` where `products`.`book_id` = 6913 and `products`.`book_id` is not null
        280μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Bindings
        • 0. 6913
        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:28
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        210μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        270μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        300μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:2
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        260μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        250μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        260μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select `categories`.*, `book_category`.`book_id` as `pivot_book_id`, `book_category`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `categories` inner join `book_category` on `categories`.`id` = `book_category`.`category_id` where `book_category`.`book_id` = 7251
        220μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        210μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:2
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        280μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 21. view::guest.home.book:18
        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        310μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:24
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        260μs/app/Models/BaseModel.php:17bookmart_bookmart
        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
        • 20. view::guest.home.book:28
        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
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        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
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        Backtrace
        • 19. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 24. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 25. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
      • select `categories`.*, `book_category`.`book_id` as `pivot_book_id`, `book_category`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id` from `categories` inner join `book_category` on `categories`.`id` = `book_category`.`category_id` where `book_category`.`book_id` = 7258
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
        • 23. /vendor/facade/ignition/src/Views/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:36
        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • 18. /app/Models/BaseModel.php:17
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        • 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:59
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        • 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/View.php:143
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        Metadata
        Backtrace
        • 14. /app/Http/View/Composers/LayoutComposer.php:18
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:843
        • 17. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:681
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        Backtrace
        • 16. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Traits/ForwardsCalls.php:23
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          []
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