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تعتبر الإدارة الإستراتيجية من المفاهيم الحديثة في الإدارة،بحيث أن أول استعمال لهذا المصطلح كان –إستراتيجية – في المجال العسكري التي وظفت لتدبير الحرب وتحقيق النصر في خوض المعركة مع العدو،ومن ثم انتقلت للميادين الأخرى. ومن هنا فإننا نرى الحاجة إلى بلورة مفهوم الإدارة الإستراتيجية خصوصاً مع تغير بيئة الأعمال المستقرة،إلى بيئة سريعة التغير وما تتضمنها من منافسة عالية وظروف بيئية غير مؤكدة،مع ضرورة الاستجابة لمتغيرات المواقف البيئية التي تواجهها المنظمة. وكذلك تحليل الفرص،والتهديدات في البيئة الخارجية،وتخصيص الموارد التنظيمية بما يضمن وضع الأهداف والغايات الرئيسة في المنظمة ومن ثم اقتناص الفرص البيئة المتاحة،لتجنب أو تقليل التهديدات المحتملة،ذلك من خلال القيام بتخصيص الموارد،وتحديد السياسات التفصيلية،ومتابعة،وتقييم تنفيد الاختيار الإستراتيجي. وقد أصبح يطلق على هذا الحقل الإدارة الإستراتيجية،حيث تحول الاهتمام بمادة الإدارة الإستراتيجية،للتركيز على مستوى المنظمة ككل،مما دعا الجامعات وكليات الإدارة لتعليم طلبة إدارة الأعمال مفهوم البيئة،وأنواعها وتأثيراتها على منظمات الأعمال من حيث اتخاذ قراراتها،وفي صياغة رسالتها وأهدافها. لقد أدى اهتمام الرواد والباحثين بتأثير العوامل البيئة للمنظمة ككل إلى استبدال مصطلح سياسة الأعمال بمصطلح الإدارة الإستراتيجية. نظراً لشموليته وقدرته على تمكين المنظمات من بلوغ أهدافها بفاعلية وكفاءة عالية. وجميع ما تقدم من مساهمات أدى إلى ظهور حقل الإدارة الإستراتجية إلى حيز الوجود والتي تهدف- الادارة الاستراتيجية-من خلاله إلى تعريف الطالب بعملية التخطيط الاستراتيجى،واهميتها لنجاح المنشآت التجارية وغير التجارية. وإننا نجد أن الإدارة بشكلها العام تمتاز بدورها في نجاح أي عمل،فهي عملية إنسانية تستهدف التعاون والتنسيق بين الجهود البشرية بالشكل الذي يمكّنها من استغلال ما لديها من إمكانيات وما يتوفر لديها من وسائل،وتقنيات لتحقيق أهدافهاالمحدودة بأقل وقت وكلفة،وأصبح ينظر إليها وإلى جهود الإداريين وفعاليتهم على أنها من أهم العوامل التي يعزى تقدم المجتمعات أو فشلها،فقد ثبت أن نجاح أي مشروع يتوقف بالدرجة الأولى على نوعية الإدارة التي تسوده،الأمر الذي أدى إلى اعتبار التقدم الإداري معياراً يعتد به للحكم على تقدم الأمم ورقيها. وحتى تحقق المنظمة أهدافها،فإنها تحتاج إلى إدارة فاعلة تنظم نشاطها وتنسق جهود أفرادها من أجل تحقيق الأهداف المرجوة.
اشترك الان في النشرة الاٍخبارية و ترقب استقبال افضل عروضنا علي بريدك الاٍلكتروني
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